Search results for "innate immune response"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
Expression and function of micro-RNAs in immune cells during normal or disease state.
2008
Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are 19-24 nucleotide long non-coding RNAs that posttranscriptionally modulate gene expression. They are found in almost all species: viruses, plants, nematodes, fly, fish, mouse, human, and are implicated in a wide array of cellular and developmental processes. Microarray-based miRNA profiling brought to the discovery of miRNAs specific to different hematopoietic lineages. Furthermore, the functional assays performed in tissue cultures to discover miRNAs involved in immune responses in combination with the reports of miRNA-transgenic or miRNA -knockout mouse models has helped elucidating the miRNA roles in the development and function of immune system. Abnormal patterns …
Role of subclinical gut inflammation in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis
2018
Subclinical gut inflammation occurring in patients affected by spondyloarthritis (SpA) is correlated with the severity of spine inflammation. Several evidences indicate that dysbiosis occurs in SpA, and that may modulate intestinal permeability and intestinal immune responses. The presence of intestinal dysbiosis is accompanied in SpA patients with the presence of zonulin-dependent alterations of gut-epithelial and gut-vascular barriers. The leakage of epithelial and endothelial surface layers is followed by the translocation of bacterial products, such as lipopolysaccharide and intestinal fatty acid binding protein, in the systemic circulation. These bacterial products may downregulate the…
Effects of dietary administration of fenugreek seeds, alone or in combination with probiotics, on growth performance parameters, humoral immune respo…
2016
The use of immunostimulants is considered a promising preventive practice that may help to maintain animal welfare and a healthy environment, while increasing production and providing higher profits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) of the dietary administration of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds, alone or combined with one of the following probiotic strains: Bacillus licheniformis (TSB27), Lactobacillus plantarum or Bacillus subtilis (B46). Gilthead seabream were fed a control or one of the supplemented diets for 3 weeks. The effects of these supplemented diets on growth performance parameters and the humoral immune r…
The Impact of NFAT Inhibition on Neutrophil Antifungal Defense and Myelopoiesis in Cyclosporine A Treated and NFATc1LysM Mice
2015
Abstract Background and Aims: Immunodeficient patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are heavily threatened by opportunistic fungal infections like invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), partly due to immunosuppressive medication e.g. by calcineurin inhibitors like cyclosporine A (CsA) or tacrolimus. It is well known that the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is an important transcription factor downstream of calcineurin in the adaptive immune system especially in T cells. Additionally, there is a growing body of evidence that NFAT also plays a substantial role in innate immune response against invasive fungal diseases by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), as…
Identification of the Gene Repertoire of the IMD Pathway and Expression of Antimicrobial Peptide Genes in Several Tissues and Hemolymph of the Cockro…
2022
This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Peptides and Immunology.
Iron Metabolism in the Tumor Microenvironment-Implications for Anti-Cancer Immune Response
2021
New insights into the field of iron metabolism within the tumor microenvironment have been uncovered in recent years. Iron promotes the production of reactive oxygen species, which may either trigger ferroptosis cell death or contribute to malignant transformation. Once transformed, cancer cells divert tumor-infiltrating immune cells to satisfy their iron demand, thus affecting the tumor immunosurveillance. In this review, we highlight how the bioavailability of this metal shapes complex metabolic pathways within the tumor microenvironment and how this affects both tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes functions. Furthermore, we discuss the potentials as well as th…
The Role of Lectins in Finfish: A Review
2019
The immune system of vertebrates involves both innate and acquired immune responses. The innate immunity is more generalized with robust response whereas the other has a highly specific response to infectious pathogens. Because of the lack of specialized lymphatic organs, innate immunity is an important mode of defense in fishes. The less specific innate immune system acts mainly through complement pathway which depends on pattern-based recognition of “self” and “non-self” targets by host lectins and associated proteins. This ultimately results in the clearance of target cells. Lectins are glycoproteins which possess at least one carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) that specifically and r…
Innate immune response to tick-borne pathogens: Cellular and molecular mechanisms induced in the hosts
2020
This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammasome.